Legal Terms Starting with C

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Case Law

Law established by judicial decisions in previous cases rather than by legislative statutes, also known as common law or precedent.

Legal Research

Causation

The relationship between an action and its result, establishing that a defendant's conduct directly caused the plaintiff's injury.

Tort Law

Cease and Desist

A legal order or letter demanding that an individual or entity stop allegedly illegal activity and not resume it.

Civil Law

Certiorari

A writ issued by a higher court to review the decision of a lower court, commonly used by the Supreme Court.

Appellate Law

Chain of Custody

The documented chronological record of evidence handling to establish integrity and authenticity in legal proceedings.

Evidence Law

Child Support

Court-ordered financial payments from one parent to another for the care and upbringing of their children after separation or divorce.

Family Law

Circumstantial Evidence

Indirect evidence that implies a fact but does not directly prove it, requiring inference to establish connection.

Evidence Law

Civil Procedure

The body of law governing the process and methods used in civil litigation from filing to appeal.

Civil Procedure

Class Action

A lawsuit filed by one or more plaintiffs on behalf of a larger group sharing common claims against the same defendant.

Civil Litigation

Closing Argument

The final statement made by attorneys to the jury summarizing evidence and advocating for their client's position.

Trial Practice

Codicil

A legal document that amends, modifies, or supplements a previously executed will without replacing it entirely.

Estate Planning

Common Law

Law developed through court decisions and customs rather than legislative statutes, based on precedent and tradition.

Legal Systems

Comparative Negligence

A system that reduces a plaintiff's recovery based on their percentage of fault in causing their own injuries.

Tort Law

Complaint

The initial pleading that starts a civil lawsuit, stating the plaintiff's claims and demanded relief.

Civil Procedure

Consideration

Something of value exchanged between parties to a contract, essential for making an agreement legally binding.

Contract Law

Conspiracy

An agreement between two or more people to commit an illegal act, followed by some action toward completing the crime.

Criminal Law

Contempt of Court

Conduct that defies or disrespects the authority, justice, or dignity of a court, punishable by fine or imprisonment.

Court Procedure

Contingency Fee

A fee arrangement where an attorney receives payment only if the case is won, typically a percentage of the recovery.

Legal Practice

Contract

A legally enforceable agreement between two or more parties creating mutual obligations and rights.

Contract Law

Copyright

Exclusive legal rights granted to creators for their original works of authorship, including reproduction and distribution.

Intellectual Property

Corporation

A legal entity separate from its owners, created under state law with rights to conduct business and incur liabilities.

Business Law

Cross-Examination

The questioning of a witness by the opposing party's attorney to test credibility and elicit favorable testimony.

Trial Practice

Custody

The legal right and responsibility to care for a child, including physical custody (residence) and legal custody (decision-making).

Family Law

Cybercrime

Criminal activity carried out using computers, networks, or internet technology, including hacking, fraud, and identity theft.

Criminal Law

Compensatory Damages

Monetary awards intended to compensate a plaintiff for actual losses, injuries, or harm suffered due to defendant's actions.

Civil Litigation